Source: Wikimedia Commons
Japanese Pepper
IntermediateZanthoxylum piperitum
Familiar deciduous shrub from Japanese cuisine. Small leaves and branch thorns create delicate bonsai character. Early summer flowers and red autumn berries. Unique fragrance.
About
Zanthoxylum piperitum, commonly known as Japanese pepper or Sansho, is a deciduous aromatic shrub in the family Rutaceae, native to Japan, China, and the Korean Peninsula. It is an indispensable culinary herb in Japanese cuisine — the young leaves ('kinome'), flowers, and berry husks are all used as seasoning, most famously sprinkled over grilled eel. Both male and female plants exist (dioecious), and the female produces red berries in autumn that split to reveal black seeds. In bonsai, it is valued as an unusual aromatic fruiting specimen with delicate pinnate leaves and decorative red berries. Care requires attention to sharp thorns on branches during handling.
Source: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Lifespan of the Japanese Pepper
The Japanese Pepper lives 30-50 years.
Size of the Japanese Pepper
The Japanese Pepper grows to 10-40cm (bonsai size).
Basic Info
Origin
Japan, China, and the Korean Peninsula
Lifespan
30-50 years
Size
10-40cm (bonsai size)
Temperature
-5〜35℃
Watering & Fertilizer
Fertilizer (regular)
Growing Tips
Placement
Partial shade is ideal. Avoid strong direct sunlight
Watering
Loves water. Very sensitive to drying, never let dry
Styling
Natural form utilizing thorns. Avoid heavy pruning
Notes
Watch for swallowtail larvae. Can devour all leaves
Japanese Pepper FAQ
QWhat is the growing difficulty level for Japanese Pepper?
Intermediate. A variety suitable for intermediate growers. Requires some cultivation experience and knowledge of environment management. Pay careful attention to temperature and humidity control.
QWhat is the lifespan of Japanese Pepper?
The average lifespan of Japanese Pepper is 30-50 years. With proper cultivation environment and nutrient management, you can keep it healthy for a long time.
QHow large does Japanese Pepper get?
The mature size of Japanese Pepper is 10-40cm (bonsai size). This may vary slightly depending on cultivation environment and individual differences.
QHow should I water and fertilize Japanese Pepper?
Japanese Pepper: watering & fertilizer — Fertilizer (regular). Aim for appropriate frequency and amount.
QWhat is the typical price for Japanese Pepper?
The price of Japanese Pepper varies significantly by variety, characteristics, size, and lineage. Please check GrowerDirect's price guide for the latest market information.
Last updated: June 24, 2026
Growing Specifications
- USDA Zone
- 5–9
References & Sources
Edited & verified by: GrowerDirect Editorial Team
The classifications, regulations, and growing data on this page are created and verified based on the primary information database below.
Taxonomy & Authority
Regulations & Conservation Status
Sources: CITES Checklist of CITES Species
Regulations may change. Always verify the latest information with the relevant authorities.
Related Species
Find listings for this species
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