Bonsai Encyclopedia
Encyclopedia of popular bonsai species with care guides, traits, and styling tips.
Featured Bonsai
Showing 13 of 137 species

Blueberry Bonsai
Vaccinium corymbosum
Rising in popularity as a fruiting bonsai. Enjoy white spring flowers, summer fruits, and autumn colors through all seasons. Key point is managing in acidic soil.
© Geographer ( talk ) / CC BY 3.0Chinese Hackberry
Celtis sinensis
Deciduous bonsai bearing small fruits in autumn. Smooth gray bark and natural form are appealing. Birds visiting for fruits add charm. Good root spread.
© MPF / CC BY-SA 4.0Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Fruiting bonsai bearing masses of small red berries. Tiny leaves and fine branching create natural bonsai form. Beautiful contrast of autumn leaves and red berries.
© Shuvaev / CC BY 4.0Dwarf pomegranate
Punica granatum 'Nana'
A dwarf pomegranate, shorter than the species with smaller flowers and fruit. In early summer it bears crinkled scarlet flowers, and in pots or mini bonsai offers both blooms and fruit. Also sold as 'issai-zakuro'.
© Laitr Keiows / CC BY-SA 3.0Firethorn
Pyracantha coccinea
Fruiting bonsai laden with vivid orange-red berries in autumn. Evergreen for year-round interest. Thorny but berry display is among the best of fruiting bonsai.
© Mason Brock (Masebrock) / Public domainHamilton's spindletree
Euonymus hamiltonianus
A deciduous spindletree whose square, pale pink fruits hang in clusters in autumn and split into four to reveal red-coated seeds. Good autumn colour too. Male and female flowers are on separate plants, so a male tree ensures fruit.
© KENPEI / CC BY-SA 3.0Japanese beautyberry
Callicarpa japonica
A deciduous shrub native across Japan bearing purple berries about 3 mm across in autumn, often persisting after leaf fall. Many plants sold as murasaki-shikibu are actually the closely related, denser-fruiting Callicarpa dichotoma.

Japanese Winterberry
Ilex serrata
Fruiting bonsai with red berries autumn through winter. Berries persist on bare branches, adding color to winter scenery. Holly family despite ume in the name.
© KENPEI / CC BY-SA 3.0Kumquat Bonsai
Citrus japonica
Charming citrus bonsai with clusters of small orange fruits. Fruits are edible whole. Relatively cold-hardy and easy to grow among citrus varieties.
© Plant Image Library / CC BY-SA 2.0Linden viburnum
Viburnum dilatatum
A deciduous shrub typical of Japanese coppice woods, bearing flat clusters of small white flowers in early summer and bunches of red berries about 6 mm across in autumn. In bonsai, small-leaved forms such as 'Kinkazan' are favoured.
© Alex Abair / CC BY 4.0Multiflora rose
Rosa multiflora
Japan's typical wild rose, bearing sprays of small, strongly scented white flowers in early summer and red hips in autumn. One of the key species behind the world's garden roses, it is grown as bonsai for both flowers and hips.
© Sten Porse / CC BY-SA 3.0Oriental bittersweet
Celastrus orbiculatus
A deciduous climber of the spindle family whose yellow autumn fruits split in three to reveal orange-coated seeds, lasting from autumn into winter. Male and female plants are separate, so fruit needs a female plus a male pollinator.
© Dandarmkd / CC BY-SA 4.0Winged spindle
Euonymus alatus
A deciduous shrub counted among the world's three great autumn-colour trees, turning brilliant red. Corky wings along the stems are distinctive, and red-coated seeds appear in autumn. A single plant sets fruit.
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Bonsai FAQ
- How much do bonsai cost?
- Mini bonsai cost 1,000-5,000 yen, medium bonsai 5,000-50,000 yen, and masterpiece-class large bonsai hundreds of thousands to millions of yen depending on age, size, and form.
- Can beginners start bonsai?
- Starting with small Japanese maple, Shimpaku juniper, or Japanese white pine is recommended. With basic watering and 1-2 annual prunings, beginners can fully enjoy bonsai.
- How long do bonsai live?
- With proper care, bonsai can live for hundreds of years. Japan has many bonsai several centuries old, valued as art pieces passed down across generations.
- What should I check when buying bonsai?
- Look at root spread, trunk movement, and branch balance. Beginners may enjoy starting with affordable raw material trees and shaping them, rather than finished specimens.
- What's most important for bonsai care?
- Daily watering is the most important task. Water thoroughly when the soil surface dries, twice daily in summer (morning and evening). Keep outdoors in a spot with good airflow and sunlight.