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Caudex Plant Encyclopedia

Encyclopedia of popular caudex plants with care guides, traits, and root management tips.

Featured Caudex Plant

Showing 11 of 141 species

Euphorbia Ambovombensis

Euphorbia ambovombensis

Intermediate

A small caudex Euphorbia from Madagascar with a plump caudex and small leaves.

CaudexEuphorbiaMadagascar

Euphorbia Cylindrifolia

Euphorbia cylindrifolia

Intermediate

A small Euphorbia with cylindrical leaves and caudex, endemic to Madagascar.

CaudexEuphorbiaCylindrical Leaf

Euphorbia Francoisii

Euphorbia francoisii

Intermediate

A Madagascar Euphorbia popular for beautifully patterned leaves and caudex, many leaf variations.

CaudexEuphorbiaBeautiful Leaf

Euphorbia gottlebei

Euphorbia gottlebei

Intermediate

A shrubby Madagascan spurge with slender, densely spiny branches, narrow leaves and small flowers with orange-red bracts below the branch tips. It looks like a miniature crown-of-thorns.

EuphorbiaMadagascarRed flowers

Euphorbia Hedyotoides

Euphorbia hedyotoides

Intermediate

A Madagascar Euphorbia with white trunk and small round leaves, bonsai-like appearance.

CaudexEuphorbiaWhite Trunk

Euphorbia Primulifolia

Euphorbia primulifolia

Intermediate

A Madagascar Euphorbia with primrose-like leaves and flat caudex.

CaudexEuphorbiaPrimrose Leaf

Euphorbia Stellata

Euphorbia stellata

Intermediate

A Euphorbia from the Eastern Cape, South Africa, with star-shaped radiating branches from a flat caudex.

CaudexEuphorbiaStar
Euphorbia suzannae-marnierae

Euphorbia suzannae-marnierae

Euphorbia suzannae-marnierae

Intermediate

A small spurge from the southern tip of Madagascar with a round grey-brown caudex about 5 cm across, a few slender branches and spirally arranged, leathery, curled leaves in green to copper. The flowers are pendulous bells.

CaudexEuphorbiaMadagascar

Euphorbia waringiae

Euphorbia waringiae

Intermediate

A small spurge from south-eastern Madagascar whose half-buried round caudex, about 6 cm across, sends out slender leaning branches set with small whitish bumps. White to cream flowers keep opening for several months.

CaudexEuphorbiaMadagascar

Pine-cone Plant

Euphorbia bupleurifolia

Intermediate

Known in Japan as Tekkoumaru. A South African spurge whose brown stem, patterned with neat spiralling leaf scars like a pine cone, is topped by a tuft of long willow-like leaves. CITES Appendix I since March 2026.

CaudexEuphorbiaTekkoumaru

Twisted Spurge

Euphorbia tortirama

Intermediate

A South African spurge whose thick carrot-shaped tuber sends up a clump of three-angled branches that twist into tight spirals. The angles bear sharp spines up to 2.5 cm long.

CaudexEuphorbiaSouth Africa

Caudex Plant FAQ

How much do caudex plants cost?
Pachypodium gracilius seedlings cost 2,000-10,000 yen, wild-collected specimens 30,000-200,000+ yen, and Operculicarya pachypus can reach hundreds of thousands of yen.
Can beginners grow caudex plants?
Adenium (Desert Rose) and Pachypodium seedlings are relatively easy and beginner-friendly. Just be careful with watering during winter dormancy, and you can enjoy them for years.
How long do caudex plants live?
Some specimens live for hundreds of years in the wild. In cultivation, they can thrive for decades with proper care. Watching the caudex thicken year by year is the greatest appeal.
What should I check when buying caudex plants?
Whether it's rooted is the most important point. Wild-collected imports are often unrooted and require root establishment. Beginners should start with rooted domestically grown seedlings.
How do caudex plants overwinter?
Many caudex plants go dormant in winter. Reduce watering from October, and withhold water completely from December to February. Keep indoors in a sunny spot at minimum 10°C.