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Bonsai Encyclopedia

Encyclopedia of popular bonsai species with care guides, traits, and styling tips.

Featured Bonsai

Showing 17 of 77 species

Bougainvillea

Intermediate

Iconic tropical flowering plant. The colorful parts are bracts, not flowers. Best in warm regions but can be grown indoors in cooler areas. Thick trunks add character.

IntermediateFloweringTropical

Camellia

Camellia japonica

Intermediate

Iconic Japanese evergreen flowering tree. Blooms in winter to spring in red, white, and pink varieties. Glossy dark green leaves complement flowers perfectly in bonsai.

IntermediateFloweringEvergreen
Crape Myrtle© Francisco Manuel Blanco (O.S.A.) / Public domain

Crape Myrtle

Lagerstroemia indica

Beginner

Flowering bonsai blooming pink or white from summer to autumn. Smooth bark and twisted trunk create unique character. Named for bark so smooth even monkeys slip.

BeginnerFloweringSummer bloom

Flowering Cherry

Intermediate

Japans iconic flowering tree. Spring blooms are spectacularly beautiful even as bonsai. Compact varieties like Fuji-zakura suit bonsai. Post-bloom care determines next years flowering.

IntermediateFloweringSymbol of spring

Gardenia

Gardenia jasminoides

Intermediate

Evergreen shrub with pure white fragrant flowers. Single-flower types bear orange fruit in autumn, enjoying both blooms and berries. Popular from shohin to mini bonsai.

IntermediateFloweringFragrant

Hawthorn

Crataegus cuneata

Beginner

Deciduous tree with white spring flowers and red autumn berries. Perfect bonsai candidate with flowers, fruit, and autumn color. Thorns require gloves when styling.

BeginnerFloweringFruit bearing

Japanese Apricot

Prunus mume

Intermediate

The quintessential flowering bonsai, blooming with fragrant flowers in early spring. Aged bark and elegant blossoms embody traditional Japanese beauty. Cherished since ancient times.

IntermediateFloweringFragrant

Japanese Bush Clover

Kummerowia striata

Beginner

One of the seven autumn flowers. Countless small purple flowers on weeping slender branches create exquisite charm. A quintessential grass-style bonsai capturing autumn spirit.

BeginnerFloweringAutumn flowers

Japanese Iris Bonsai

Iris ensata

Beginner

Popular grass-style bonsai. Large purple or white flowers capture waterside scenery in a small pot. Beautiful with moss, creating a seasonal display for early summer.

BeginnerGrass styleFlowering
Japanese Quince

Japanese Quince

Chaenomeles speciosa

Beginner

Flowering bonsai that covers branches with red, white, or pink blooms in early spring. Develops thick trunks and aged look easily. Fruits add secondary interest.

Beginner-friendlyFloweringEarly spring

Japanese Wintersweet

Chimonanthus praecox

Intermediate

Flowering bonsai with translucent waxy yellow blooms in midwinter. Sweet fragrance drifts through winter gardens. Precious species blooming when few others do. Improves with age.

IntermediateFloweringWinter bloom

Lilac

Syringa vulgaris

Intermediate

Fragrant purple flowers are the main attraction. Suited for cool regions like Hokkaido and Tohoku. Dwarf varieties work well for small bonsai. Enjoy spring fragrance up close.

IntermediateFloweringFragrant

Rhododendron

Intermediate

Evergreen shrub with gorgeous flowers. Large flower clusters color spring. Alpine varieties prefer cool conditions, requiring some experience. Post-bloom care is crucial.

IntermediateFloweringLarge blooms

Rose of Sharon

Hibiscus syriacus

Beginner

Deciduous shrub blooming continuously from summer to autumn. Known as Korea's national flower. Individual flowers last one day but bloom in succession. Hardy and fast-growing.

BeginnerFloweringSummer blooms

Satsuki Azalea

Satsuki azalea

Beginner

The iconic flowering bonsai of Japanese culture. Blooms in May-June with thousands of cultivars. Huge variety in flower color and form. Star of exhibitions.

Beginner-friendlyFloweringMany cultivars

Winter Jasmine

Jasminum nudiflorum

Beginner

Flowering bonsai covered in yellow blooms in early spring. Weeping habit suits cascade style. Bright yellow heralds spring when few flowers bloom. Hardy and easy.

Beginner-friendlyFloweringYellow bloom

Wisteria

Wisteria floribunda

Intermediate

Elegant flowering bonsai with cascading purple flower clusters in spring. Cascade or display-shelf styles maximize bloom beauty. Flowering improves with age.

IntermediateFloweringPurple clusters

Bonsai FAQ

How much do bonsai cost?
Mini bonsai cost 1,000-5,000 yen, medium bonsai 5,000-50,000 yen, and masterpiece-class large bonsai hundreds of thousands to millions of yen depending on age, size, and form.
Can beginners start bonsai?
Starting with small Japanese maple, Shimpaku juniper, or Japanese white pine is recommended. With basic watering and 1-2 annual prunings, beginners can fully enjoy bonsai.
How long do bonsai live?
With proper care, bonsai can live for hundreds of years. Japan has many bonsai several centuries old, valued as art pieces passed down across generations.
What should I check when buying bonsai?
Look at root spread, trunk movement, and branch balance. Beginners may enjoy starting with affordable raw material trees and shaping them, rather than finished specimens.
What's most important for bonsai care?
Daily watering is the most important task. Water thoroughly when the soil surface dries, twice daily in summer (morning and evening). Keep outdoors in a spot with good airflow and sunlight.